Gear Ratio Calculator

Calculate gear ratio, output speed, and output torque from input speed, output speed, or tooth counts. Used for gearbox selection in dairy machinery.

RPM
Motor or input shaft speed in RPM
RPM
Required output shaft speed in RPM
Nm
Input torque to calculate output torque (optional)
Formula
inputRpm / outputRpm
inputRpm Input Speed (Motor) (RPM)
outputRpm Required Output Speed (RPM)
inputTorque Input Torque (optional) (Nm)
Worked Example
1
Given:
inputRpm = 1440
outputRpm = 72
2
Apply the formula:
inputRpm / outputRpm
3
Result:20 :1

What is Gear Ratio?

The gear ratio is the ratio of the input shaft speed to the output shaft speed in a gearbox. It tells you how much the speed is reduced and how much the torque is increased.

Gear Ratio = Input Speed (RPM) / Output Speed (RPM)

A gear ratio of 20:1 means for every 20 rotations of the input shaft, the output shaft rotates once. This reduces speed but multiplies torque by ~20× (less efficiency losses).

Applications in Dairy Plants

EquipmentTypical Gear Ratio
Agitator (silo)40:1 – 100:1
Screw conveyor15:1 – 40:1
Chain conveyor10:1 – 30:1
Separator / Cream separatorDirect drive (belt)
CIP pump2:1 – 5:1
Rotary lobe pumpDirect drive
Butter churn10:1 – 25:1

Torque Relationship

Output Torque = Input Torque × Gear Ratio × Efficiency

As speed decreases, torque increases proportionally. A 20:1 gear ratio with 95% efficiency means output torque is approximately 19× the input torque.

Selecting the Right Gearbox

  1. Determine required output speed (from equipment specification)
  2. Know the motor speed (from nameplate)
  3. Calculate required gear ratio = Motor RPM / Required Output RPM
  4. Select a gearbox with the nearest standard ratio (e.g., 18.5:1, 20:1, 22.4:1)
  5. Verify output torque meets load requirements with adequate safety factor

Standard Gear Ratios

Most gearbox manufacturers offer standard ratios in the series: 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100:1 and more.